Information and communication technologies in agricultural sector

The goal is economic modeling of the activities of small agricultural entities using factorial and statistical analysis, as well as to provide recommendations for the implementation of information and communication technologies (ICT) in AIC of the region. The article uses the following scientific methods - bibliometric, questioning, statistical, factorial, analytical. Results - the coronavirus pandemic and Russian sanctions imposed due to the implementation of a special operation in Ukraine continue to have a negative impact on diversification of the national economy. An economic assessment is given and the reasons for a rather low level of development of the agri sector are determined. A literary review of the achievements of foreign scientists in the field of digitalization of agro-industrial production has been prepared. The degree of use of digital processes in the economy and prerequisites for the implementation of investment projects are shown. The main indicators of production of products of small market entities in the Almaty region based on the use of ICT are analyzed. A questionnaire was compiled for small farms, a statistical model of the region was built on the basis of the SmartPLS application program to obtain objective information on the feasibility of implementing digital platforms, and the importance of electronic methods in the activities of agricultural entities was justified. Conclusions - the results of modeling are summarized in terms of identifying the level of information knowledge of management of small businesses. Problems are revealed and recommendations are developed for adapting small businesses to digital systems in agribusiness. There are positive trends in their advancement in terms of new opportunities and promising areas that should be combined into a single information network of digital agricultural economy of Kazakhstan, which is managed at the state level, which will reduce the existing backlog from developed countries.

1. Rolandi, S., Brunori, G., Bacco, M. & Scotti, I. (2021). The digitalization of agriculture and rural areas: Towards a taxonomy of the impacts. Sustainability, 13(9), 1-16.

2. Rogers, E.M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations. New York: Free Press, 5th edition, 551.

3. Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment ap- proach. International Journal of E-Eljubaeva, A. (2021). Rost VVP Kazahstana za 10 mesjacev sostavil 3,5% [GDP growth in Kazakhstan for 10 months amounted to 3.5%]. Available at: https://kapital.kz/economic/100202/rost-vvp-kazakhstana-za-10-mesyatsev-sostavil-3-5.html (date of access: 12.11. 2021) [in Russian].

4. Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Express Infor- mation January-December 2021 [Byuro nacional'noj statistiki Agentstva po strategicheskomu planirovaniyu i reformam Respubliki Kazahstan. Jekspress-informacija janvar'-dekabr'] (2021). Available at: https://stat.gov.kz/official/industry/14/statistic/6 (date of access: 02.02.2022) [in Russian].

5. Kotljarevskaja, I.V., Ilysheva, M.A. & Smirnov, K.V. (2018). Rynochnye vozmozhnosti perehoda promyshlennogo predprijatija k strategii diversifikacii: monografija [Market opportunities for the transition of an industrial enterprise to a diversification strategy: monograph]. Ekaterinburg: Ural'skij universitet, 104 [in Russian].

6. Liu, W., Shao, X.-F., Wu, C.-H., & Qiao, P. (2021). A systematic literature review on applications of information and communication technologies and blockchain technologies for precision agriculture development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 298, 126763.

7. Marius, М., Wilm, F., Jan Henning, Oliver M. & Saskia B. (2020). “Anytime, anyplace, anywhere”A sample selection model of mobile internet adoption in german agriculture. Agribusiness, 36(2), 192-207.

8. Raj, M., Gupta, S., Chamola, V., Elhence, A., Garg, T., Atiquzzaman, M., & Niyato, D. (2021). A survey on the role of Internet of Things for adopting and promoting Agriculture 4.0. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 187, 1-37.

9. Majumdar, P., Mitra, S. & Bhattacharya, D. (2021). IoT for Promoting Agriculture 4.0: a Review from the Perspective of Weather Monitoring, Yield Prediction, Security of WSN Protocols, and Hardware Cost Analysis. Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 46, 440–461.

10. Smagulova, Sh., Yermukhanbetova, A., Akimbekova, G., Yessimzhanova, S., Razakova, D., Nurgabylov, M. & Zhakupova, S. (2022). Prospects for Digitalization of Energy and Agro- Industrial Complex of Kazakhstan. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 12(2), 198-209.

11. Klaniecki, K., Duse, I.A., Lutz, L.M., Leventon, J. & Abson, D.J. (2020). Applying the energy cultures framework to understand energy systems in the context of rural sustainability transformation. Energy Policy, 137, 111092.

12. Magazzino, C., Porrini, D., Fusco, G. & Schneider, N. (2021). Investigating the link among ICT, electricity consumption, air pollution, and economic growth in EU countries. Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy. 2021, 1-23.

13. Sel'skohozjajstvennaja otrasl' Respubliki Kazahstan. KASE. - Sentjabr' 2021 [Agricultural industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan. KASE - September 2021]. (2021). Available at: https://kase.kz/files/presentations/ru/14_09_2021_agricultural_industry.pdf (date of access: 08.11.2021) [in Russian].

14. Bozumbaev, K. (2021). Stalo izvestno kak budet razdelena Almatinskaja oblast' [It became known how the Almaty region will be divided]. Available at: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/zhetysu/press/news/details/349384?lang=ru (date of access: 01.04.2022) [in Russian].

15. [16] Kumar, S., Raut, R.D., Nayal, K., Kraus, S., Yadav, V.S., & Narkhede, B.E. (2021). To identify industry 4.0 and circular economy adoption barriers in the agriculture supply chain by using ISM-ANP. Journal of Cleaner Production, 293, 126023.

16. Smagulova, Sh.A. (2021). İnvestisialar Qazaqstannyñ AÖK-ın damytudyñ yntalandyruşy faktory retınde [Investment as a stimulus for the development of agribusiness in Kazakhstan]. Problemy agrorynka-Problems of AgriMarket. 4, 31-40 [in Kazakh].