Global experience of transition to a "green" economy

The goal is to consider the priority areas of green economy concept: principles, factors, mechanisms and prerequisites for Kazakhstan's transition to the implementation of environmental policy. Objectives – to show the need to develop government programs for the long term and their stages to move towards ecosystems; substantiate that the dynamics of response and effective functioning of the labor market play a key role in facilitating transformation to a resource-saving economy, increasing the number of jobs in this industry. “Green” growth is also an opportunity to expand the labor market. At present, the totality of global environmental and economic threats and challenges has put the world economic science in front of the need to search for new ways of developing the world economy. Methods – in the research methods of scientific analysis, comparison and synthesis were used. Results – the authors carried out a search and proposed a formulation of the most accurate and capacious modern definition of eco-innovation, which unambiguously reflects their essence. Domestic and international scientific developments on the issue of sustainable development of a new model for reducing environmental deficit have been studied. Conclusions – the authors state that in order to comply with international standards, agricultural sector of the republic needs to be updated. Expansion of the organic agriculture sector could be an alternative to the existing management models. The article also focuses on the fact that the concept of "green" economy does not replace the strategy of stable forward movement, but focuses on "green" sectors as new engines of growth aimed at improving the quality of life of the population while minimizing the depletion of natural resources and preserving nature.

1. Smagulova, Zh.B., Mukhanova, A.E. & Musayeva G.I. (2019). Analiz mirovogo opyta perekhoda k zelenoi ekonomike: predposylki i napravleniya [Analysis of the world experience of the transition to a green economy: background and direction]. Mezhdunarodnyi zhurnal prikladnyh i fundamental'nyh issledovanij – International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Researches, 3, 92-96 [in Russian].

2. Isaak, A. (2014). Zelenaya ekonomika – shans dlya ustoichivogo razvitiya Moldovy [Green Economy a Chance for Sustainable Development of Moldova]. – 2014 Available at: https://www.nskee.energohelp.com/articles/org/7930/.html (date of access: 15.04.2021) [in Russian].

3. Priorities of the Concept of transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to sustainable development (2019). Almaty: De Luxe, 42-45.

4. [Baltabaeva, A.M. (2017). Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ agrarlyq sektorynyñ aimaqtyq damuy [Regional development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. Problemy agrorynka – Problems of AgriMarket, 3,125-130 [in Kazakh].

5. Egorova, M.S. (2014). Soderzhanie «zelyonoj» ekonomiki: celi i zadachi [Contents of "green" economies: goals and objectives]. Sovremennaya ekonomika: problemy i resheniya – Modern economy: problems and solutions, 12 (60), 154-166 [in Russian].

6. [Grigoruk, V.V. & Klimov, E.V. Razvitie organicheskogo sel'skogo hozyaistva v mire i Kazakhstane [Development of organic agriculture in the world and in Kazakhstan]. – 2016. Available at: https://www.fao.org/3/a-i5454r.pdf (date of access: 19.04.2021) [in Russian].

7. Atenova, A.M., Yessenova A.E., Arapova G.M. & Ketpen Zh.M. Social'no-ekonomicheskie perspektivy razvitiya turizma v Kazahstane [Socio-economic prospects of tourism development in Kazakhstan]. – 2017. Available at: https://group-global.org/ru/node/219999 (date of access: 25.08.2017) [in Russian].

8. Piskulova, N. (2014). Global'nye problemy. Ekologicheskaya politika kak faktor mezhdunarodnoj konkurentosposobnosti gosudarstv [Global problems. Environmental policy as a factor in the international competitiveness of states]. Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya – World Economy and International Relations, 7, 48-53 [in Russian].

9. Dabyltaeva, N.E. (2014). Investicionnoinnovacionnaya strategiya razvitiya agropromyshlennogo kompleksa Kazahstana v mezhdunarodnom razdelenii truda [Investment and innovation strategy for the development of the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan in the international division of labor]. Vestnik KazNU – Bulletin of KazNU, 68, 81-87 [in Russian].

10. Baizholova, R.A. & Orynkanova Zh.M. (2019). Problemy i perspektivy formirovaniya «zelenoi ekonomiki» v Kazakhstane [Problems and prospects of the formation of a "green economy" in Kazakhstan]. Vestnik universiteta «Turan» – Bulletin of the University "Turan", 1(81), 182-186 [in Russian].