Small and medium-sized businesses in agricultural sector on the example of the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan

In a market economy, tough competition, the urgent task is to ensure the effective functioning of the agro-industrial business, which creates a social and economic basis that allows to maintain a rural lifestyle, develop rural areas, responding flexibly and in a timely manner to changing supply and demand conditions. The goal is to study the current state of entrepreneurship in the agro-industrial complex of the Almaty region, the pace of development and the effectiveness of support measures. Methods – economic-statistical, monographic, abstract-logical, comparative analysis and synthesis. Results – analyzed the number of operating small and medium-sized agribusiness entities in this region over the past 5 years, the number of employees employed in this area, the gross agricultural output in the country, as well as in the context of districts. An analysis was made of the share of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in agricultural production in general in Kazakhstan and the Almaty region, in particular. The main problems and ways to solve them are outlined. The indicators of objects of entrepreneurial activity, the volume of output of goods in agricultural sector and their structure in the region according to statistical data for 2018-2022 are presented. Shows the amount of state financial assistance at the regional level in recent years. Conclusions – on the GDP of agricultural sector over a five-year period, on average, SME accounts for 28.5%, individual entrepreneurs 5.3%, PPF 66.2%. The issues of irrational use of agricultural land, expansion of irrigated areas, regulatory support for the effective use of allocated public funds, insufficient institutional support for rural entrepreneurs are considered.

1. Kamysbayev, M., Moldashev, A. & Berdykulova, G.M. (2022). Agropromyshlennoe proizvodstvo Kazahstana: voprosy diversifikacii kak prioritetnogo napravleniya razvitiya [Agroindustrial production of Kazakhstan: issues of diversification as a priority direction of development]. Problemy agrorynka – Problems of AgriMarket, 3, 13-20 [in Russian].

2. Alpysbaev, K., Muhamadieva, A. & Orazgalieva, А. K. (2023). Agrarlyq sektordağy kadrlyq äleuet: genderlık aspect [Human resources in the agricultural sector: gender aspect]. «Tūran» universitetınıñ habarşysy Bulletin of the University «Turan», 1(97), 116129 [in Kazakh].

3. Kasenova, A.M. (2021). Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ auyl şaruaşylyğyndağy şağyn jäne orta käsıpkerlıktıñ qazırgı jağdaiy [Current state of small and medium-sized businesses in agriculture of the republic of Kazakhstan]. Qazaq ekonomika, qarjy jäne halyqaralyq sauda universitetınıñ jarşysy.Scientific journal ‘Bulletin of the Kazakh University of Economics, Finance and International Trade, 1(42), 61-69 [in Kazakh].

4. Tireuov K.M., Kerimova, U.K. & Turekulov, S.A. (2020). Jeffektivnost' funkcionirovanija predprijatij agrarnogo sektora RK [Efficiency of functioning of enterprises of the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan]. Agrarlyk naryk problemalary Problems of the agricultural market, 1, 81-87 [in Kazakh].

5. Statisticheskij sbornik «Sel'skoe, lesnoe i rybnoe hozyajstvo v Respublike Kazahstan». Byuro nacional'noj statistiki Agentstva po strategicheskomu planirovaniyu i reformam Respubliki Kazahstan. Byuro nacio-nal'noj statistiki Agentstva po strategicheskomu planirovaniyu i reformam Respubliki Kazahstan [Statistical collection "Agriculture, forestry and fisheries in the Republic of Kazakhstan". Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (2022). Available at: https://www.stat.gov.kz/ (date of access 24.04.2023) [in Russian].

6. KR shagyn zhәne orta kasipkerlikti damytudyn 2030 zhylga dejingi tuzhyrymdamasyn bekitu turaly. Kazakstan Respublikasy Ukimetinin 2022 zhylgy 27 sauirdegi № 250 kaulysy [On approval of the concept for the development of small and medium-sized businesses of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2030. Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated April 27, 2022 No. 250.] (2022). Available at: https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/P2200000250 (date of access: 20.04.2023) [in Kazakh].

7. QR äkımşılık-aumaqtyq qūrylysynyñ keibır mäselelerı turaly QR Prezidentınıñ 2022 jylğy 3 mamyrdağy № 887 Jarlyğy [Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated May 3, 2022 No. 887 "on some issues of the administrative-territorial structure of the Republic of Kazakhstan"] (2022). Available at:https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/U2200000887 (date of access: 18.04.2023) [in Kazakh].

8. KR investiciyalyk sayasatynyn 2026 zhylga dejingi tuzhyrymdamasyn bekitu turaly KR Ukimetinin 2022 zhylgy 15 shildedegi № 482 kaulysy [Resolution of the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 15, 2022 No.482 on approval of the concept of investment policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2026] (2022). Available at: https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/ docs/P2200000482 (date of access 18.04.2023) [in Kazakh].

9. «Damu» kory resmi internet sajty [Damu Foundation official website]. – (2022). Available at: https://damu.kz/kz/reports/ (date of access: 12.04.2023) [in Kazakh].

10. Trach, D.M. & Mel'nichuk, L.D. (2020). Agrarnye preobrazovaniya kak faktor social'no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya sel'skih territorij [Agrarian transformations as a factor of socio-economic development of rural areas]. APK: Ekonomika, upravlenie AIC: Economics, management, 2, 63-71 [in Russian].

11. Akimbekova, G.U. & Nikitina, G.A. (2020). Prioritetnye napravleniya razvitiya agropromyshlennogo kompleksa Kazahstana [Priority directions of development of the agroindustrial complex of Kazakhstan]. Problemy agrorynka – Problems of AgriMarket, 4, 13-23 [in Russian].

12. Zhangyrova, R.N. (2020). Vozmojnosti i uslovia ustoichivogo razvitia agrarnoi otrasli RK [Opportunities and conditions of sustainable development of the agricultural industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. Vestnik universiteta «Turan».The Bulletin of University "Turan", 3 (87), 78-84 [in Russian].

13. KR AOK damytudyn 2021-2025 zhyldarga arnalgan Ulttyk zhobasy [National project for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 20212025] (2021). Available at: https://primeminister.kz/ (date of access: 20.04.2023) [in Kazakh].

14. Abdildinova, N.E. (2022). Shagyn jane orta biznestıñ qazırgı jagdaiy men memlekettık qoldaudyn bagyttary [Current state and directions of state support for small and medium-sized businesses]. Qazaq ekonomika, qarjy jane halyqaralyq sauda universitetınıñ jarshysy.Scientific journal ‘Bulletin of the Kazakh University of Economics, Finance and International Trade, 4 (49), 8-16 [in Kazakh].

15. Almaty oblysynyn akimdiginin resmi internet sajty [Official website of the akimat of Almaty region] (2022). Available at: https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/almobl?lang=kk (date of access: 20.04.2023) [in Kazakh].