Satellite systems and digital technologies in agriculture: state, problems, professional competencies

The goal is to study the possibilities of using digital technologies in agriculture, economic efficiency on the example of digital product "Cropio" – a satellite monitoring system. Methods – analysis, synthesis, comparison and analogy, selection of data and their detailing. The article shows the conditions for the implementation of information processes in agro-industrial complex, considers the current state, problems, substantiates the need for the use of smart technologies, clarifies the concept of "precision farming". The authors analyze the benefits of the Cropio program, which is used in agricultural sector of developed countries. Its functionality allows not only to control the sowing work, but also to determine soil moisture, its saturation with nutrients. It is noted that the program generates information on climatic and weather conditions, calculates the savings in material resources. The software components, their functions, installation process, acquisition mechanisms, and information are presented. Results – calculations of the expected economic effect from the use of this automation system were carried out, profitability and expediency of applying the methodology for evaluating investment were determined. Conclusions – technical and information solutions of the Cropio precision farming project are becoming more and more popular every year, confirming their promise, they can reduce labor costs, increase productivity of farmland, and therefore reduce cost of finished products. Observation of objects based on satellite navigation, computer technology and digital maps makes it possible to assess rationality and timeliness of financial resources, take into account a number of factors that affect market value and profitability of land, minimize various risks, optimize production activities through construction of new business processes.

1. Liu, Y., Ma, X., Shu, L., Hancke, G.P. & Abu-Mahfouz, A.M. (2020). From industry 4.0 to agriculture 4.0: current status, enabling technologies, and research challenges. Available at: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9122412 (date of access: 07.03.2023).

2. Nacional'nyj proekt po razvitiju agropromyshlennogo kompleksa Respubliki Kazahstan na 2021-2025 gody [National project for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2021-2025] (2021). Available at: https://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P2100000732 (date of access: 07.03.2023) [in Russian].

3. Saiz-Rubio, V. and Rovira-Másrancisco, F. (2020). From Smart Farming towards Agriculture 5.0: A Review on Crop Data Management. Agronomy, 10 (2), 21-41.

4. Xing,Yang, Shu L., Chen J., Ferrag, M. Amine, Wu J., Nurellari E. & Huang, K. (2021). A Survey on Smart Agriculture: Development Modes, Technologies, and Security and Privacy Challenges, IEEE/CAA J. Autom. Sinica, 2, 273302 https://doi.org/10.1109/JAS.2020.1003536.

5. Friha, O., Amine Ferrag, M., Shu, L., Maglaras, L. & Wang, X. (2021). Internet of Things for the Future of Smart Agriculture: A Comprehensive Survey of Emerging Technologies, IEEE/CAA J. Automatica Sinica, 4, 718752 https://doi.org/10.1109/JAS.2021.1003925.

6. Bahadur Sinha, B., Dhanalakshmi, R. (2022). Recent advancements and challenges of Internet of Things in smart agriculture: A survey. Future Generation Computer Systems, 126, 169-184.

7. Subaeva, A.K. Aleksandrova, N.R. (2020). Teorija i praktika cifrovizacii sel'skogo hozjajstva Respubliki Tatarstan [Theory and practice of digitalization of agriculture in the Republic of Tatarstan] Vestnik Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta – Bulletin of Kazan State Agrarian University, 15, 3(59), 133-138 [in Russian].

8. Korotchenya, V.M., Lichman, G.I., Smirnov, I.G. (2019). Digitalization of technological processes in crop production in Russia. Agricultural machines and technologies,13(1), 14-20.

9. Zhumasheva, S.T., Mukhanova, A., Smagulova, Z.B. (2020). Cifrovizacija kak osnova innovacionnogo potenciala agrarnogo proizvodstva Kazahstana [Digitalization as the basis of innovative potential of agricultural production in Kazakhstan]. Problemy agrorynka Problems of AgriMarket, 2, 45-52 [in Russian].

10. Abraliyev, O.A., Sugirova, G.S., Velesco, S. (2023). Agrarnyj sektor Kazahstana: orientacija na innovacionnoe razvitie [Agricultural sector of Kazakhstan: focus on innovative development]. Problemy agrorynka Problems of AgriMarket, 1, 23-31[in Russian].

11. Zhumaxanova, K.M., Yessymkhanova, Z.K., Yessenzhigitova, R.G., Kaydarova, A.T. (2019). The current state of agriculture digitalization: problems and ways of solution. Central Asian Economic Review, 5(128), 144-155.

12. Bjuro nacional'noj statistiki Agentstva po strategicheskomu planirovaniju i reformam Respubliki Kazahstan [Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (2023). Available at: http:// https://stat.gov.kz (date of access: 30.03.2023) [in Russian].

13. Official site "Cropio agricultural production management system" (2023). Available at: URL: https://www.about.cropio.com/ru/ (date of access: 23.03. 2023) [in Russian].

14. Medvedeva, M.A., Savin, I. Ju., Isaev, V.A. Opredelenie po sputnikovym dannym ploshhadi posevov, postradavshih ot zasuhi (na primere posevov Chuvashii v 2010 g.) [Determination of the area of crops affected by drought using satellite data (on the example of crops in Chuvashia in 2010)] (2012). Doklady Rossijskoj akademii sel'skohozjajstvennyh nauk Reports of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2, 25-28 [in Russian].

15. Sputnikovyj monitoring polej Cropio. Dannye otraslevogo portala «Agropromyshlennyj kompleks Kazahstana» [Satellite monitoring of Cropio fields. Data from the industry portal "Agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan"] (2023). Available at: https://www.agroprom.kz/ (date of access: 30.03.2023г.) [in Russian].